18/08/2021 TEMPORARY METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE PROCEDURE FOR VACCINATION OF THE ADULT POPULATION AGAINST COVID-19 were published, revised in terms of the order of vaccination against the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, as well as the duration of QR codes
Taking into account the recommendations of the World Health Organization, before reaching the level of collective immunity of the population, it is necessary to carry out vaccination against the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 for epidemic indications in 6 months after the illness (including in previously vaccinated persons) or 6 months after the previous primary vaccination (“emergency” vaccination).
With consideration to the unfavorable epidemic situation in the Russian Federation, the “emergency” vaccination is currently being carried out up to the achievement of the herd immunity level (at least 60% of the adult population).
According to the international and Russian studies, a stable humoral and cellular immune response in persons who have recovered from a new coronavirus infection lasts for 6 months after the infection, with its gradual extinction by 9-12 months. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the “new” mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may cause an infection process in those exposed to the virus in the past due to the partial “escape” of the strain from the previously formed humoral response, carry out the vaccination against the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 without the need to study and take into account data on humoral immunity.
The currently available test systems for determining cellular immunity cannot be widely used due to the lack of reliable data on the interpretation of the research results (duration of protection, its severity (protectiveness) and the degree of resistance of the immune system to the response to virus mutations). In addition, in order to detect the level of cellular immunity, it is necessary to perform tests immediately after blood sampling and only within a short (about 30 days) interval after vaccination or past infection. In this regard, according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, it is important to be vaccinated in a timely manner, regardless of the presence and amount of antibodies.
The vaccine against COVID-19 cannot give a positive result of a PCR test or laboratory antigen test, does not form an active disease in people, but creates an immune response (WHO recommendations).
Although the COVID-19 vaccine protects people from serious illness and death, the level of its protection against contracting the virus and prevention of its transmission to others is still not known. In order to protect others and yourself, it is necessary to follow sanitary measures, including keeping distance and using masks, especially in closed, crowded or poorly ventilated areas.
If immediately after the vaccination (after the illness), a citizen independently underwent an antibody test, according to the results of which it was revealed that the citizen antibodies were not detected, it is necessary to get vaccinated again in 6 months (with a possible replacement of the vaccine preparation).
Contraindications for use of the drugs “Gam-COVID-Vac” and “Gam-COVID-Vac-Lyo”:
– hypersensitivity to any component of a vaccine or a vaccine containing similar components;
– a history of severe allergic reactions;
– lactation period;
– acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, exacerbation of chronic diseases – vaccination is carried out 2-4 weeks after recovery or remission;
– for mild ARVI, acute infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract – vaccination is carried out after the temperature has returned to normal;
– age up to 18 years (due to the lack of data on efficacy and safety).
Contraindications for the introduction of component II (for the preparations “Gam-COVID-Vac” and “Gam-COVID-Vac-Lyo”):
– severe post-vaccination complications (anaphylactic shock, severe generalized allergic reactions, convulsive syndrome, temperature above 40 ° C, etc.) after the first component of the vaccine.
With Caution:
in chronic liver and kidney diseases, endocrine diseases (severe thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus in the stage of decompensation), severe diseases of the hematopoietic system, epilepsy and other diseases of the central nervous system, acute coronary syndrome and acute cerebrovascular accident, myocarditis, endocarditis, pericarditis.
Contraindications for the “Sputnik Light” vaccine:
– hypersensitivity to any component of a vaccine or a vaccine containing similar components;
– a history of severe allergic reactions;
– acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, exacerbation of chronic diseases – vaccination is carried out in 2-4 weeks after recovery or remission; – for mild ARVI, acute infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract – vaccination is carried out after the temperature has returned to normal;
– pregnancy and lactation period;
– age up to 18 years (due to the lack of data on efficacy and safety);
– age over 60 years.
With caution: in chronic liver and kidney diseases, endocrine diseases (severe thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus in the stage of decompensation), severe diseases of the hematopoietic system, epilepsy and other diseases of the central nervous system, acute coronary syndrome and acute cerebrovascular accident, myocarditis, endocarditis, pericarditis.
Contraindications for the “EpiVacCorona” vaccine:
– hypersensitivity to the components of the drug (aluminum hydroxide and others);
– severe forms of allergic diseases;
– reaction or post-vaccination complication to the previous vaccine;
– acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, chronic diseases in the acute stage – vaccination is carried out no earlier than a month after recovery or remission.
– for mild ARVI, acute infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract – vaccination is carried out after the temperature has returned to normal;
– immunodeficiency (primary);
– malignant blood diseases and neoplasms;
– pregnancy and lactation period;
– age up to 18 years (due to the lack of data on efficacy and safety).
With Caution:
With caution: for chronic liver and kidney diseases, severe disorders of the endocrine system, severe diseases of the hematopoietic system, epilepsy, strokes and other diseases of the central nervous system, diseases of the cardiovascular system (a history of myocardial infarction, myocarditis, endocarditis, pericarditis, ischemic heart disease), primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, in patients with allergic reactions.
Contraindications to the use of the inactivated “CoviVac” vaccine:
– a serious post-vaccination reaction (temperature above 40 ° C, hyperemia or edema more than 8 cm in diameter) or complication (collapse or shock-like state, developed within 48 hours after vaccination; convulsions, accompanied or not accompanied by a febrile state) to any previous vaccination in past medical history;
– aggravated allergic history (anaphylactic shock, Quincke’s edema, polymorphic exudative eczema, hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to any vaccines in history, known allergic reactions to vaccine components, etc.);
– pregnancy and lactation period;
– age under 18 years old.
Temporary contraindications:
– acute febrile conditions, acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, including the period of convalescence. Vaccination is carried out 2-4 weeks after recovery.
– In case of mild ARVI and acute intestinal infections, vaccination can be carried out after normalization of temperature and / or disappearance of acute symptoms of the disease;
– Chronic diseases in the acute stage. Vaccination is carried out during the period of remission. The possibility of vaccinating persons suffering from chronic diseases is determined by the consulting physician, based on the patient’s condition.
With caution: in chronic liver and kidney diseases, severe disorders of the neuroendocrine system, severe diseases of the hematopoietic system, diseases of the central nervous system (epilepsy, strokes, etc.), the cardiovascular system (coronary heart disease, myocarditis, endocarditis, pericarditis), bronchopulmonary system (bronchial asthma, COPD, fibrosing alveolitis, etc.), gastrointestinal tract (with malabsorption syndrome, etc.), immune system (with autoimmune and allergic diseases).
After entering into the Register information about persons vaccinated against a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 or those who have had a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 within the last 6 months (including foreign citizens and stateless persons) on the Unified portal of public services (functions) a QR code is assigned to a citizen, which confirms the presence of the relevant information in the Register.
For persons who have received a negative result of the PCR test, the QR code is valid for 72 hours from the moment of selection of biological material for research; for people who have had a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 – 6 months from the date of recovery.
Citizens vaccinated or re-vaccinated against the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 receive a QR code after getting the second component (in case of a two-component vaccine) or after completing vaccination with the single-component Sputnik Light vaccine, which is valid for 1 year.
At the same time, in the event of a worsening epidemic situation and taking into account the proposals of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being, the validity period of the QR code may be limited to 6 months.